ANSWER

D beacause ice is denser than water

A NEW HORIZON OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES-DEATH OF TRADITIONAL FUEL VEHICLE

Now the good news is the ICE(Internal Combustion Engine) is melting and the bad news is the ICE(Water) is melting.France and England have plan to fully ban fuel vehicle by 2040,Netherlands and Norway have decided that fuel car cannot be sold starting in 2025.

So friends lets have a look on few of the electrical SUV from the prestigious companies-



1. Mercedes EQA
Mercedes' new all electric concept car shows how serious the company is about taking on #TESLA.In the first week of September 2017 it will sell the electrified version of all its model by 2022 and Also displayed the Mercedes concept EQA that tells whats the future will look like.#MercedesEQA

The endurance mileage of this car is about 400 miles and will SOP in the year 2022.Mercedes is planning to invest 10  billion Euro on the electric platform vehicle.

2.BMW-i-Vision Dyanamics

Just a year on from the presentation of its future-focused NEXT 100 vision vehicles, the BMW Group is introducing the electric mobility of the much more immediate future at the IAA Cars 2017 show in Frankfurt. The BMW i Vision Dynamics is a four-door Gran Coupe with a range of 600 km (373 miles), a top speed of over 200 km/h (120 mph) and acceleration of 0-100 km/h (62 mph) in four seconds.#BMWiVision

 BMW new energy plan: by 2025, 25 electric models will be available, including 12 pure electric vehicles. New energy vehicle sales will increase from 15% to 25%.

 

WHAT IS LEAP MOTION TECHNOLOGY

INTRODUCTION

Leap is a breakthrough in computer interaction by #MichaelBuchwald and #DavidHolz.Through this new technology we can say good bye to Mouse & Keyboard.#LeapMotion is a startup developing advanced motion sensing technology for #HCI(Human Computer Interaction).It is a new way of interaction with digital world.

First take a look on the existing technology so that we can justify the existence of Leap motion sensor and we will also watch the video of our self made game"Swipe the floor" with  it.

EXISTING SYSTEMS

1.TOUCH SCREEN

Touch screen is a electronic visual display that user can control.It  can be simple or multi touchable with one ore more fingers. It works on the direct interaction with what is displayed on screen ,no mouse or other input devices is used.It is very Common  in game consoles, all in one computers, tablet computers and smart phones nowadays.It almost provide the accurate interaction with the device.

It has a  lot of variety based on touch like-Dual touch screen which uses 2 screens either or both are touch capable,Multi touch identifies 2 or more points of contact with surface etc.

DISADVANTAGES:

1.Accuracy- small movements of fingers may result in large movement.

2. Users hand may obscure the screen. 

3.Feeling of little electric shock when touch with wet finger. 

4.Screen have to be big enough for button pressing.

5.Screen will get dirty.
If you want to check then here is the link to finest touch screen laptops: http://azon.ly/vf6s

2.KINECTS

It was  a  motion sensing input device by Microsoft launched in 2010.It helps the users to interact with the Xbox 360 without touching by using gestures and spoken command.It is build on software tech internally and a range camera technology that interpret the specific gestures using  infrared projector ,a camera and special microchip for full body motion sensing in 3D.
#Kinects #KinectsXbox360

DISADVANTAGES:
1.Additional power supply and space requirements.
2.Suitable only for whole body tracking in a space,the size of a living room.
3.Slowness of identifying hand gesture.
4.Slow responses.
5.It is extremly pricy.
6.Sometime doesn't catch your movement.
7.Sometimes spoken commands are not follow.
If you want to see the price and features of kinects XBOX360 then you can visit this link: http://azon.ly/rxq7

LEAP

Leap is the most affordable new technology.It is a sensing device which connects to the computers via USB cable and it is sensitive to the minutest movement in 3D.It is 200 times more faster than the any of the existing touch free technology.Leap motion control the computers through simple gestures using finger or pen.

It is widely recognized as more powerful and accurate-accurate than a mouse,reliable as a keyboard and more sensitive than the touch screen.Leap motion, a ipod size controller with company's software provide the natural and more life like experience to the users.Its accuracy can be understood by the fact that it track individual finger movement to the 1/100th of a millimeter,also track tools like pen,pencil,chopstick with high accuracy.

Leap performs task like navigating a website using pinch to zoom gestures on map and  provide high precision drawing and  manipulating complex 3D data visualization.The Main technology behind leap is natural user interface, gestures recognition and motion detection.It consumes only1-2% of the Central Processing Unit (CPU). 
If you want to see the price of  #LEAP_MOTION_SENSOR you can visit this link : http://azon.ly/5jxx

HOW DOES IT WORK 

The Leap is a small USB peripheral device which is kept above the desk.It creates a 3D interaction space using two #VGAcameras and three infrared LEDs to capture depth information.The device observes a roughly hemispherical area, to a distance of about 1 meter.It is designed to track fingers which cross into the observed area, to a spatial precision of about 0.01 mm.

HEMISPHERICAL AREA OF INTERACTION

Sensor detects the finger ,driver software determines where your finger is and update cursor position.Sensor has some minimal onboard processing for further processing it streams the frames of data to the connected computer which extract the position information using extremely complex math.Sensor update the position typically 215 times per second,within 8cubic feet there are 70,000,000 sensitive points.

FEATURES OF LEAP

1.Basic computing tasks like navigating an operating system or        browsing through Web pages.
2.Precise virtual drawing in 2-D and 3-D. 
3.Navigating large scale 3-D data visualization systems 
4.Playing computer games
5.Creating    and    manipulating    3-D    models    like houses and cars.
6.Signing a digital document by writing in air

7.The tiny device may look like any old USB, but power to change how we interact with computers.
8.The leap motion offers a lot of potential to many professions particularly the creative kind.
9.It is portable, so we can use it in any situation.
10.Leap is more accurate, cheaper and high resolution.
 So get it  from http://azon.ly/5jxx and start your journey on leap motion today.

 DEMO

 "SWIPE THE FLOOR"

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HOW TO MAKE DRIVE PARTITION IN WINDOWS ?

Hello friends whenever you buy a new laptop/desktop or get your laptop /desktop formatted you find that all the hard drive's memory has been allocated to the C Drive and then you find the need to make various partitions so that you can store and categories your content (data) respectively.

So in this blog I will explain all the steps needed to make partitions or you can watch my video on how to create partition :

1. First of all right click on the This PC/My Computer and select Manage from the drop down menu.
   
2. Now click on the Disk Management under the Storage menu on the left side.
   
3. After that you can see the primary allocations of the memory . Right click on the C Drive and select Shrink Volume from the drop down menu.
   
4. Now a pop menu will appear saying "Querying for shrink space available" . It scans the drive total size of the drive,size occupied and size available to make partition.It will take quite a long time so wait for it patiently.
   
5. After that a window will appear giving details of the above mentioned things.Here in the amount to shrink column you have enter the size of the partition(in MB) you have to make . Suppose you have to create a partition of 50 GB then you have to enter (50*1024 MB =) 51200 MB.
   
6. Now you can see that a partition of the entered size has been created but still now you can't use that as that space is unallocated . So in order to use that you have to go through some more steps.
   
7. Right click on that unallocated partition and select New Simple Volume from drop down menu.
   
8. A New Simple Volume Setup Wizard will appear . Click on next and keep going on.
   
9. Here you can assign your partition a specific drive name  but that's optional.
   
10. Now click on Finish to complete the setup. Your partition is now ready to be used.
    
    
    
    
    
    
    

ZERO CROSSING DETECTOR(ZCD)

Hello friends!
Zero Crossing detector as the name suggest detect the zero crossing of the power supply(sinusoidal).Its circuit will give high pulse when the sine wave of the power supply crosses 0 degree,180 degree,360 degree and so on at each n*180 degree.



WHY WE NEED THIS?
When I started working on the Ac fan speed control and the dimmer circuit,i found this ZCD at each place during my search.Earlier i was working with speed control of the Dc motor and it was easily taken place with the help of Pulse Width Modulation(PWM).Here are some circuits where ZCD is used-

In the above circuit,the whole circuit which is connected with the Pin DP2 is the Zero Crossing Detector.One can use the same circuit with the any of the microcontroller,Here The ZCD was designed with the Help Of H11AA1 IC.By the way friend if you want to dig deep on such interesting embedded circuit then you can look in to this book,it will help you alot-http://azon.ly/jkq0


ZCD sync or create coordination between the PWM and the Sinusoidal signal.As we know that the speed control is directly dependent upon the firing angle of the Triac(Firing Angle On the thyristor),as the firing angle is more the speed will be much slower if the firing angle is minimum the speed will be maximum,speed will be maximum at zero firing angle means at input supply.

Lets take an Example

courtsey-Tahmid's blog

 here the firing angle is 4ms after the sine wave has crossed the zero,180 or 360,So how the micro controller will know when sine wave has crossed the zero,180,360 so that it can fire the Pulse after 4ms,So that is the task which is done by the ZCD it will hold the firing till it send a high pulse to the controller.It send high pulse only if the the sine wave crossed the at Zero,180,360 degree.

Zero Crossing Detector can be made with several ways but I found it most easy with H11AA1 as shown in above circuit.
Lets look at some other-

here is another one a bit complex-

I hope you liked my blog,Your suggestion is always welcomed.Send me the topic which you need me to explain.

Follow @Promethions_hmr

Emotiv EPOC Neuroheadset

Here at GSMArena, phones and tablets are our bread and butter, but our love for tech is by no means limited to them. So imagine our excitement when we got the opportunity to test a gadget which reads your thoughts and allows you to do cool things with it on your computer.

The gadget in question is called EPOC and is made by Emotiv. It’s a futuristic looking headset, which reads your brain activity via the scalp of your head and translates it into various actions. With that in mind, I was particularly excited with Professor Xavier and his powerful telepathic powers immediately popping into my head. Sadly, this isn’t the case... yet.

The Epoc is a neuro-signal acquisition and processing wireless headset. It uses 16 sensors to capture the electric signals produced by your brain. Put simply, it’s a thought detector. But alongside this, it’s also a feelings and expressions grabber, so if you blink, smile or sneeze – it’ll know. Let’s take a closer look at the product itself.

UNBOXING

Emotive has packed the EPOC headset in a handy box sporting a minimalist design. It has a handle on top so you can easily carry the headset around. Emotive has thrown in everything you need to get started, which is kind of them, as chances are you don’t have the accessories just laying around your house.

Back to the contents of the box at hand, inside there’s a 16-pack of contact pads, which are placed in sockets on the headset to make contact with your head. To improve the signal strength there’s also a bottle of conductive liquid to keep those sensors hydrated. There’s also a USB receiver to connect with a computer, as well as a miniUSB cable and an instructions manual with a software CD.

Design and construction

The Epoc headset is entirely made of plastic has a base similar to a regular pair of headphones. Where it differs are the two octopus arm-like extensions which warp around your head. They are flexible in order to get the best possible contact and at the end have sockets for the soft contact pads. At the top, there’s a switch for turning the headset on or off.

User interface

Emotiv have designed a specialized software, which shows the EPOC’s capabilities. It’s broken down to five different sections:
The first one acts as a status check for all the contact pads. They light in four different colors: green for great connection, yellow of okay-ish connection, red for bad connection and black for no connection at all. Preferably, they should all light up green, but we’ve had cases where the headset worked perfectly fine despite a few red or yellow
sensors.
However, when I tried it everything went green and I felt like a Jedi summoned to protect the universe from the Dark side and bring balance to the Force. The other tabs really showed me what the neuroheadset is all about.

Called “Expressiv suite”, the second tab shows a blue face, which actually mimics the facial expressions that you are doing at the moment. So if you blink, it blinks. If you smile, it smiles, and so on.
Next up is the “Affectiv suite”. As its name suggests it detects what affects you at the moment and displays your current emotions on the screen. Those can be happiness, indifference, etc. It’s pretty cool to observe at first but you quickly get bored. Unlike it, the next tab labeled “Cognitiv suite” is where the meat is.

Here’s a video where National Taiwan Universitytry to show the whole magic taking place. They demonstrate how the software captures brainwaves and translates them into actions on the screen. Then, They get to the really interesting stuff – playing a game, where you control the main
character with the headset.
 I can assure you They didn’t use a keyboard, mouse or any other input device to control what was happening on the screen,as our team has also performed the similar applications in Technical University Of Sofia,Bulgaria. The neuroheadset was the sole initiator of each and every action. Of course, They had to use the mouse to navigate around the applications, as well as in-game for going forward and left/right.
More and more applications, games and other utilities making great use of the headset are being published each day, so it’s definitely interesting to see how far the technology might go in the next one or two years.

Conclusion 

The Emotiv EPOC will not turn you into a Jedi, but it’s a solid step into the future of doing everyday tasks with your mind. Imagine turning your PC on or off by just thinking about it, or pausing a movie when you need to grab some more snacks.
Let’s not forget the people with disabilities, who can use the full potential of a personal computer with nothing but their thoughts. This can and should rewrite the history of computer interaction, but unfortunately, the technology isn’t quite ready just yet.
For now, the Emotiv EPOC headset is little more than a gimmick. A nice gadget to show off to your friends and make them scratch their heads in disbelief, until they realize there’s little practical use for it. Its future however is much bigger than this or at least, that’s what we hope.

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AUGMENTED REALITY(DETAIL) PART-2

What is Augmented Reality?,How to make Augmented Reality application?,What are the various type of Augmented Reality?If you are finding the answer of these Questions then you are at the right place.
Before discussing the detail of AR(Augmented Reality) we would like to show a basic application of AR through our self-developed application,Below is the guide for using our Application.

Download link for the Android application mentioned in the video-
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0BxR2fmv9pkU2SndOTDROMUtQT1E/view 

Augmented Reality is the blend between the real world and the computer generated graphical world in real time through a digital interface which has a capturing (like-Camera,GPS..) and display mechanism(display,eye lense,projector..).A good AR application will blend the two world in an indifferentiable manner.See the application detail in Part 1.

MAIN COMPONENTS OF AR

There are three main components of AR-

1. SCENE GENERATOR:The scene generator is the device or software responsible for rendering the scene. Rendering is not currently one of the major problems in AR, because a few virtual objects need to be drawn, and they often do not necessarily have to be realistically rendered in order to serve the purposes of the application .

2. TRACKING SYSTEM:The tracking system is one of the most important problems on AR systems mostly because of the registration problem. The objects in the real and virtual worlds must be properly aligned with respect to each other, or the illusion that the two worlds coexist will be compromised. For the industry, many applications demand accurate registration, specially on medical systems.

  

3.DISPLAY:The technology for AR is still in development and solutions depend on design decisions. Most of the Displays devices for AR are HMD (Head Mounted Display), but other solutions can be found.

When combining the real and virtual world two basic choices are available: optical and video technology. Each of them has some tradeoffs depending on factors like resolution, flexibility, field-of-view, registration strategies, among others.

Display technology continues to be a limiting factor in the development of AR systems. There are still no see-through displays that have sufficient brightness, resolution, field of view, and contrast to seamlessly blend a wide range of real and virtual imagery.

THE BASIC IDEA

www.promethions.com

The basic idea is to use the camera of the android mobile through an application which has the encoded information of the 3D object which the developer defined for a target image in real world. 

SOFTWARE USED

As one can see the core of this project is based on the softwares. Following are the softwares and their functions which are used for the development of basic application in Augmented Reality.

1.VUFORIA:

Vuforia transforms the selected real world scene as a “Target Image” (As 100 rupee note in above case)and rates the target image based on the unique features present in that image on the scale of five on its own online portal. It also adds the Augmented Reality feature in UNITY 3D(mentioned later).

2.UNITY-3D

This is the heart of this project, essentially it is a game engine but in our context it is used for:

• Incorporating the target image with the 3D model.
• Adding features to the models.

1. Textures
2. Rotation
3. Audio
4. Text
5. Scripting etc.

• Multi-Platform Support: Applications built in Unity can be automatically transformed in several platforms without writing its code, such as for :

1. Android
2. ios
3. Windows phone
4. Web player
5. Windows, Linux, Mac etc.

• Helps to develop UI.
  
  

  

3.BLENDER

Blender is also very important software, it is used to design 3D model. This software is capable of designing the complex 3D model with minute specification. 3D model design in this software is used by the Unity for Augmented Reality and game development.

TYPES OF AR 

ON THE BASIS OF TARGET IMAGE:

1.MARKERLESS: Markerless AR is that type of AR where no any activator is required from the real world,they mostly use the GPS of the device for placing the 3D objects. "Pokemon go" is the example of such kind of AR application.

2.MARKERBASED:Markerbased AR is those AR where a scene from the real world is required for the activation,Like in the above mention application 100 rupee note was doing the work of activation of the model.

ON THE BASIS OF THE DISPLAY:

1.HEAD MOUNTED DISPLAY(HMD):

In this type of AR on see the real world through the camera not by the naked eye and processor mix the virtual scene with real scene.Its a Helmet kind of a device.

2.RETINAL:

We see the image when the light rays get reflected from the object and fall on the retina,what retinal AR does it create the light for virtual object which intersect on the retina.It can be used in the form Google glass(means spectacles) and Eye's lens as well.

3.MONITOR BASED:

Monitor based AR reaquire some display interface where the interfacing of the two world will appear it may be the smartphones,Monitor of the laptop and other thing.The important thing about these display device is they must have the camera.

4.PROJECTOR BASED:

Projector based AR formed the real 3D visual objects on a target with the help of projectors from different angle which intersect together to form the virtual visual 3D object.

FUTURE APPLICATIONS

1. Archaeology: AR can be used to aid archaeological research, by augmenting archaeological features onto the modern landscape, enabling archaeologists to formulate conclusions about site placement and configuration.

2. Architecture: AR can aid in visualizing building projects. Computer-generated images of a structure can be superimposed into a real life local view of a property before the physical building is constructed there.

3. Wish:One of the interesting and innovative uses of Augmented Reality is related to greeting cards to wish the people.

4. Commerce: AR can enhance product previews such as allowing a customer to view what's inside a product's packaging without opening it.

5. Education: Augmented Reality applications can complement a standard curriculum. Text, graphics, video and audio can be superimposed into a student’s real time environment.

6. Gaming: Augmented Reality has huge potential in the gaming industry as it provides a very unique playing mechanism.

7. Medical: It has great role to play in the medical especially in the virtual 3d Anatomy is a great way to study the Body’s organ.